In an increasingly globalised world, the cultures of Orient and Occident are no longer firmly separated. This hybridity is also a part of literature—a concept which needs to be explored in Translation Studies. This study examines its evolution across language, culture, literature, and translation. It introduces a sociolinguistic approach for studying marginalized hybrid texts and their translations into English, focusing on the power dynamics that dichotomize the world into First/Third worlds.
The author examines how sociological factors in central societies affect the acceptance and recognition of marginalized literary works within Western literary circles and world literature. The study analyses classical and modern Persian literature. It highlights the double-voicedness in these texts. By illustrating how hybrid elements from Rúmí’s mystical poems and Hidáyat’s surrealistic prose are recreated in their English translations, it elevates the analysis of hybrid elements to a languacultural level.
In the globalization era, some translation scholars are of the belief that the ongoing process of globalization among different and diverse languages and cultures brings about incomprehensibility in translation products. By contrast, some others believe that the globalization trend leads to comprehensible translations. The present research investigates the comprehensibility of the Persian translations of the novels The Old Man and the Sea, For Whom the Bell Tolls and The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway.
To this aim, the translations conducted during two time spans of the second and the third waves of globalization were selected in order to examine whether the globalization trend generated comprehensibility in the translation products. Furthermore, the way comprehensibility was developed in the translations of the novels was explored in this research.
Even though some scholars do not agree on the direct link between globalization and translation, most others believe that the process of globalization has influenced translation practices over time.
The present research, thus, endeavors to probe into the nature of these impacts and shed some light on the manifestations of globalization trend in the translations of literary texts. To this aim, the Persian translations of three novels written by Ernest Hemingway were selected. Two time spans, the second and the third waves of globalization, were also selected to portray if the globalization trend has influenced translations of the novels. Then, the suggested framework by the same authors was employed in the analysis of Persian translations of the novels in order to demonstrate if the suggested model was applicable in the analysis of English-Persian literary texts. The study revealed that some changes occurred in the strategies employed in the translations done during the third wave of globalization trend.
Globalziation, an obvious corollary of the changing face of the world, has been a central area of investigation in Translation Studies for quite some time. Many scholars have concerned themselves with this phenomenon and approached it from a variety of perspectives. This research is an attempt to group these scattered approaches together into a practical framework for the analysis of the translations of literary texts.
Since this study is completely new, there is no pre-existing model for data classification. Therefore, the researchers took Davies's (2003) and Venuti's (1995) categorizations as the starting point in order to suggest a new and practical model for the analysis of literary texts. Simultaneously, the newly-introduced concept of 'glocalization' was highlighted in the suggested theoretical framework for the analysis of English-Persian literary texts. In the suggested model, an exhaustive taxonomy of translation strategies in the form of extreme-poles of translation strategies was studied. The space between two extreme-poles was also investigated by the effects the stated strategies produced in the translated texts. In other words, these strategies were ranked from 'near self' to 'near other' in order to illustrate precisely the Glocalization phase.
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